Psychologist Vera Andrew worked in the direction of humanistic integrated therapy in London, is an accredited member of the British Association for Psychotherapy (BACP), and now leads a private practice in the center of Moscow. She told the portal site about the cases in which it is better to refrain from mortgages so as not to harm your psychological health.

Is there such a thing as psychological readiness for a mortgage? What does it imply?

Undoubtedly, there is such a phenomenon. Psychological readiness is the awareness of choice and its comfort. That is, an understanding of why you are doing something, what it will give you, as well as a willingness to accept the consequences of this choice. A mortgage is a long-term choice, both financially and psychologically. It must be entirely yours and accepted for your reasons.

You should not make this decision under social pressure - all friends already have own apartments, parents think that you need to "settle down", etc. It's your decision. Is buying an apartment really a priority at this stage of life? On the one hand, a mortgage is an opportunity to quickly improve living conditions, not to depend on the landlord. On the other hand, you may lose some flexibility in making other decisions. For example, it is more difficult to radically change the scope of work, take a long unpaid vacation, pay for additional training. Are you ready for the loss of this flexibility and other opportunities?

How potential borrower Can you psychologically set yourself up for a mortgage?

It is important to understand that a mortgage is the longest and largest financial obligation. If you are convinced that buying an apartment is really important and necessary at this stage, then the next step is to make sure that it will be comfortable from a financial point of view. Do not put yourself in a situation where payments are too high and come at the expense of other important expenses, such as vacations, leisure, etc., not to mention unforeseen expenses that do happen in life. It will be better if other circumstances of your life and self-perception are stable.

You should not take on an additional obligation if at this period of your life you are experiencing, say, difficulties in relationships - in the family or at work. When loved ones are having difficulties and you are supporting them, it may be worth postponing the decision to add another commitment for this period. Psychologically it will be more correct. In general, you need to be sure that the decision to take out a mortgage is really important and a priority for the long term.

Do you really need to set yourself up? Maybe the person himself should come to this?

You need to be ready, for all the reasons that we discussed above. The decision should not be impulsive. That's why it's good to think through all of these questions - if possible, with people you trust, who are financially literate and not involved in your decision.

In general, how does a borrower feel with a multi-million dollar debt? Can you describe the normal and abnormal psychological state in this situation?

A normal psychological state is when you realize that you have made a well-calculated and realistic obligation. Treat the mortgage calmly, as it is just another responsibility you have chosen in addition to the ones that already exist. You remember that you successfully handle other forms of responsibility, ranging from self-responsibility to family, children, work commitments, and so on.

Another scenario is when debt weighs on you. Most likely, this means that you have not calculated the financial aspect carefully, so you have to give up other options in favor of paying off the debt. Or maybe buying an apartment wasn't that important and you're not sure you made the right choice. In any case, mortgage payments that have become more than a financial obligation cause a feeling of anxiety and discomfort.

What to do with an abnormal psychological state? Selling an apartment and paying off a loan?

It's worth understanding what's going on. Any case is individual, and you need to understand what is the cause of a difficult psychological state. Talk to a psychologist - once you accurately determine the causes of discomfort, you can find a solution. Selling an apartment and repaying a loan is a decision in the absence of other options.

What kind of people are not made for mortgages and loans in general? After all, there are always those who will save, but will never go to the bank.

In my opinion, there are several factors here - a different understanding of priorities, the attitude to money brought up in the family, one's own attitude to money, etc. Despite the prevalence of loans, there are people who firmly adhere to the rule of never borrowing if they have not earned themselves. This is most likely an attitude towards money brought up in the family, and it has an undeniable advantage. This position is conservative but responsible, avoids impulsive or ill-conceived decisions, and gives the person a sense of stability.

But there are also those who love loans, moreover, it turns into an addiction. What is the reason for this phenomenon? Is it a special type of people?

I would not call it a type of people, rather, it is a behavior based on a certain amount of impulsivity. Consequences are not calculated when making decisions. Addiction of any kind is just making decisions in an attempt to change or get some kind of emotion. These emotions (joy, relief) are short-term, but at that moment they are considered as the only possible ones. Something like "play today, pay tomorrow". This behavior underlies all addictions and has been successfully used in sales to varying degrees.

Usually this behavior was demonstrated to some extent by adults in the family, and later the person did not realize it and did not work it out. Well, of course, incomplete financial literacy plays a role.

Do you think a person working in the banking sector has a much easier attitude towards loans?

As a rule, people working in the financial sector are more literate. Often they think that they can only borrow in order to invest. They understand how the structure of a loan is built, they know how to consider different options, calculate the benefits and risks, realistically assess their income and opportunities. Attitude towards money is responsible, there is no impulsiveness.

In what occupations are people more relaxed about mortgages?

In the financial sector, in the areas of economics, energy, in a word, where financial literacy is high. Mortgage is considered as an investment, many options are calculated, and the income and stability of these areas are higher. The ability to speak the same language with the lender, to negotiate more favorable options for yourself is a great advantage.

According to statistics, in Russia a mortgage loan is repaid much earlier than planned by the payment schedule. Why do borrowers want to get out of debt so badly?

Traditional distrust in the stability of the banking system, legislation, policies and financial products plays a role. In general, uncertainty about the future. In Western countries, often people continue to have a mortgage, even if they can pay it off earlier, directing money to other purposes and receiving income from this. Distributed and popular even after the financial crisis, almost 100% mortgages for rental housing. Many people buy a second apartment this way.

The psychological desire not to depend on debt, to be able to not think about it, means that people will strive to pay off the mortgage faster if they have such an opportunity.

In the future, can something change in the minds of people, and the mortgage will not be perceived as bondage? What is going to happen?

First of all, it is necessary that the political situation, legislation, banking system. Level must change financial literacy of people. Banks should offer more mortgage products at lower interest rates, making mortgages a more traditional and accepted method of buying a home. Then people will make such financial decisions easier and more confidently, and psychologically they will be able to feel more comfortable.

Publication date June 26, 2015

For a person who has never borrowed money, it is not very easy to decide to take a loan for an apartment right away. My husband and I thought we were doing pretty well. In our case, the accumulation process was reminiscent of Zeno's aporia about Achilles and the tortoise: by the time we accumulated the required amount, it became insufficient, and we had to save more. And in the spring, it seemed to us that it was we - the same “tortoise” that, for some reason and contrary to common sense, was trying to catch up with Achilles. Zenon, along with his aporia, nervously smokes on the sidelines.

Mortgages, we, in fact, have never been afraid. All these fears are from the series "what if ..." and "what if", and even the most terrible - "what if suddenly ....?!" they didn’t frighten us, they just made us first carefully study the issue and other people’s experience (the Internet rules!), Calculate the options and compare the programs of different banks.

As a result, largely due to forums and conferences, the International Moscow Bank was chosen. Several people in a row took loans, and everyone was happy. And the Bank also has rates that seem to be the lowest - 9% in dollars and 11% in rubles. Rubles we considered and rejected. Rather, the husband thought for a long time, considered and said that in dollars, it seems to be more profitable. I will not give all the arguments, but it sounded plausible. In addition, I have them written down, if it turns out that it was more profitable in rubles, he will wash the dishes with me until retirement without any "one by one".

Oh yes ... To be honest, we were still in a privileged position. We already had a howling apartment in the suburbs. So-so apartment - odnushka in Khrushchev, we have not lived in it for a long time (at first they rented it out, and then they stopped), but against the background of today's madness, it drew a VERY good amount. Well, since we digress - we also sold it to the "mortgage holder", so we did not even hire a realtor. It is not necessary to give announcements in "From hand to hand" a lot of mind. And he doesn't need anything else.

The whole transaction was under the control of the bank. All documents are generic. Transactions are carried out daily in several pieces, like on a conveyor. There were, of course, calls from agencies - let's say, we will find you a buyer for a symbolic sum of 3-5 thousand dollars, but their husband stopped them in the bud, and benefactors were sent politely but firmly. If you sell "mortgage", the seller is protected!

At first they wanted to make an alternative deal. Those. we find a buyer, quickly look for an option for ourselves, and then conduct two transactions at the same time. But this idea had to be quickly abandoned. Nobody wants to wait. To be honest, that we will not raise the price, they do not believe. The rise in prices continued. It's a pity. Moreover, IMB practices counter selling. Those. you can not make a down payment, but send money for it from the sale of your apartment. The girls from the mortgage department assured that there was nothing complicated there, and, judging by the further work with them, most likely it would have been so.

Was it scary? Of course it's scary. My husband sometimes looked at me strangely, when every day by the evening I had another portion of questions that had never even crossed his mind. Men like to show that supposedly they know everything and control everything, although in reality they just let things take their course, hoping for a chance.

The apartment was searched for only three weeks. In the morning, calls on the same "From hand to hand" and various sites. Refinements free sale or alternative how old the property is. Because if less than three, then either the seller must pay tax, or indicate in the contract an amount of less than 1 million rubles. IMB agreed to this, but we wanted to get tax deduction.

The picture was already drawn in the first days. There are options. We went to the viewing every other day, trying to see 2-3 apartments at once in one area. The first week they were harmful, they were looking for an "ideal" option. But since they severely limited their time, then they lowered the bar a little.

By the end of the third week, the choice was made in favor of the beloved Southwest. It is more expensive, but the infrastructure and the area are very good. The apartment is a one-room apartment on the top floor of a 17-storey fairly new panel. The metro, unfortunately, is far away, but Bitsevsky Park is very close.

The documents for the apartment were practically collected (one certificate was missing). IMB reviewed and approved in 3 days, another day for insurance (by the way, they found it for only 0.8%) and two for evaluation (processes run in parallel). In general, after we handed over all the documents, we entered into a deal within a week. Another week of registration, and documents on hand.

Comment on the article "How not to be afraid of a mortgage?"

Here you are all laughing, and if you look, then there is no question of any fall in real estate! see indexes for yourself [link-1] But just don't forget to correlate the prices in dollar terms in comparison with our salaries and prices. And it turns out that with an apparent fall in prices, in fact, they are growing very briskly !!

01.11.2016 19:55:40,

About the restrictions. In the 80s of my student years, I had a friend whose father for 20 years limited himself and his family in everything, they even only ate meat on holidays. So he wanted a Zhiguli, they had a Cossack!!! Horror how they lived. When the amount was almost collected, he suddenly! offered to go on a contract to work in Angola. And there, wages were paid not in rubles, but in checks, i.e. currency. I worked for 1 year and ... bought a car, a fur coat for my wife, sheepskin coats for my daughters, etc. etc. The question is - was it necessary to keep the family starving for 20 years? THOSE. I made a conclusion for myself a long time ago - we must live within our means, and then we'll see. I didn’t think 10 years ago that I could buy at least some kind of apartment and we rode a motorcycle, And now I own a store, an apartment and a foreign car. And thank God that I did not let the family sit starving

09/07/2007 13:09:41, Lyudmila

Everyone knows that apartments are getting more expensive. Hmm .. I don’t remember that last year our room cost half as much as now. Such a difference was about five years ago, but even five years ago it was not for our family to afford investments of this kind! Really.
I'll give you an example...
Now this is a one bedroom apartment! It costs from 150 and more thousand dollars. Where to get such an amount? Even my organization has so much money without! They won’t give me a percentage, I will have to plow for not 5 or even 10 years, and my husband too, in order to give this money back. On average, they give a loan for 5! (five years), at 10% per annum. That is, from the cost of 150 thousand dollars, you need to pay another 15 thousand dollars a year on top, multiplied by five years, we get that in addition to the monthly payment for the apartment, you will have to pay 50 thousand dollars on top. What is included in the monthly fee: given that the apartment is 150 thousand, you need to divide this amount by five years - it turns out 30 thousand a year and for 12 months - it comes out at 2,500 thousand dollars a month. Well, this is how much you need to receive in a family in order to allow yourself to pay 2.5 bucks a month for an apartment, and do not forget about interest? Bottom line: + 50 thousand, you will have to pay 200 thousand already. Tell me where is the benefit? For whom? Maybe I'm not such a good mathematician, but even such things I can calculate elementarily. And the apartment will not be your property until you give it back to the last penny, there is always the opportunity to part with a new apartment if the financial capabilities of at least one of the spouses fall sharply. And life is so unstable that I wouldn't bet my old apartment to pay for a new one. And, as a rule, such a large loan is given for some kind of property, you won’t surprise anyone with a car for a long time, so an old apartment will certainly be at stake. There is a possibility of losing everything. I'm talking about a loan for apartments in a bank.
Let me give you an example with a mortgage.
We were offered as those in need of better housing.
Given that we had been standing in line for 11 years by that time, the money "gave" 70% of the cost of the apartment. "Given" I write in brackets, tk. you will never receive money in cash, everything is transferred to the bank account, the money passes by you: first from the veins. Funds are transferred to the bank account, then - from the bank account to the account of the construction organization.
They gave us $300 per meter, there was no such price even five years ago for apartments in Moscow, only on the outskirts - Zhulebino, Butovo and similar areas. While in Moscow the price was $600 per meter. Apartments are now being built large, ie. multiply the standard 18 meters per person by 3, it turns out 48 meters are required by law, of these 48 meters only 70% is paid at a cost of $ 300 per meter. Apartments smaller than 60-70 meters are not being built now. That is, it turns out that another 30 meters will be needed by ourselves! Buy and no longer for $ 300 ... In general, my husband and I calculated even at that time, receiving even 70% of not! The real cost, we had to report the same amount to buy an apartment. Tell me, where can a young family get 35-50 thousand immediately? Take out a bank loan again? I wrote about the loan above. So I went through all this, calculated with my husband, I do not advise you.

And I'll add:
My employee at work took a loan from the company for 7 years, when we met, she had already paid two years by that time and she had five more when I went on maternity leave.
So, when she expires on the company's debt, she will already be over 30, her husband is not yet, children too. She limits herself in everything, tk. in addition to payments for an apartment, she also needs to help her old parents who do not live in Moscow.
She bought a one-room apartment for (I think) 27 thousand dollars, at a time when her salary was 500 dollars. So calculate: what is it like for an adult woman to live on 200-300 dollars a month, now her salary has increased slightly. And this despite the fact that she repays the debt without interest.
She has one room, and if she gets married, and if a child is born? To enslave yourself again? I don’t want to live in 25 years, when I pay for the apartment, I want to live now, albeit on a small area, but I can afford various expenses and not worry that I will be evicted for non-payment of the loan.
I paid enough for renting apartments, so at least some, but my own - it's still my own, and not someone else's uncle.
But it's up to you, I don't play those games.

Many buying (for cheap) invest in repairs the cost of buying an apartment. And now, many apartments under construction are being rented without finishing, so more than one piece of bucks will have to be reported. And, if you consider that the apartment is new, then you want new furniture, everything is new. Also - money. For me - there is no money, do not get into loans, there is - for God's sake. In our family extra money no, the toad will strangle me to give the bank interest. Girls, someone wants to live after 50? I don't think..

And about living on credit, I'll tell you a short story:
My mother worked with one man for quite a long time, who for several years!!! Saved for buying a car. He did not have lunch, he always brought sandwiches, porridge, noodles with him. He wore the same suit for years, his shoes fell apart, for all the time his family never went on vacation, except to the village. He put off about 15 years of commercials. Mother said that it was impossible to look at him without tears, he was drying up before his eyes. And, oh, a miracle .. the amount has finally been collected .... Imagine .. for 15 years a man has been going to his cherished goal, limiting himself in everything ... He allowed himself to buy a car ... But ... apparently, he He suffered "little" in his life that an accident occurred and the car was broken and could not be restored ... What do you think: what did he experience when he realized that what he had been striving for for 15 years had collapsed before his eyes? Lost the meaning of life - it's not enough to say ...

08.11.2006 17:45:02,

Total 82 messages .

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It takes a long time to prepare for a mortgage with a notebook, pen and calculator in hand. If you are thinking about how it is more profitable for the bank to sell out for the next few years, read what mistakes can ruin your entire slavery and how to avoid them.

Mistake 1. Taking out a mortgage with the maximum mandatory payment

The logic is ironclad: the larger the monthly payment, the faster the mortgage is paid, the less the overpayment. This is direct savings.

In practice, it turns out a little different. Let's say the income is 30,000 rubles, the mortgage payment is 17,000. This is even more than half, but the borrower has read a hundred articles on how to live on 5,000 rubles a month, so he can also save money.

Let's not talk about the fact that constantly living in a catastrophic economy is harmful and you can break loose - it already depends on willpower. But in such cases, even small force majeure is brought to delays.

How to do

Take out a loan for at least 30 years, but with conditions that you can fulfill without straining.

Even if you expect your income to rise, take out the mortgage you can afford now. Money will appear - close the mortgage ahead of schedule or find another use for it.

To do this, you need to review all possible options and offers of banks: someone offers profitable programs young borrowers, families, bank customers, someone lowers the rate when additional insurance or on the condition that you collect a lot of documents to confirm the reliability.

Mistake 2. Renting for too long and not taking out a mortgage

Dawn Huczek/Flickr.com

Taking out a mortgage is scary, especially when you rent a house. When renting, your head does not hurt because of taxes, repairs and communal services, you can drop everything and go to the Himalayas without fear that bank employees will fly in next. And the money goes to the loan, and it seems that it will never end. But to make sure it's time to get into a mortgage, just take a calculator and do the math.

I took a bank loan of 1,550,000 rubles for 10 years. Monthly payment- 21,700 rubles. If you pay according to the schedule, the overpayment will be 1,054,000 rubles. But I try to pay off the debt ahead of time, and if I keep the right pace, I will not overpay more than 600,000.

If all this time I rent the same apartment, I will give at least 1,800,000 rubles, and this is if the rental price does not increase.

How to do

Find a bank, sit down and calculate which apartment you can buy right now. If you don’t have enough for housing, where you can immediately move to, take out a mortgage in a house under construction. This is also possible if you search and analyze the offers of banks.

DeltaCredit Bank has a "" - this is a program when the first year or two monthly payments are cut by half, just enough to rent and mortgage while the house is being built.

And when the house has been commissioned and there is no need to rent anything, this part of the budget will begin to go to repay the loan. But keep in mind that not a single bank will give out buns for beautiful eyes. Usually, the rate of a loan with concessions is higher than that of a regular one.

Mistake 3. Forget about moving

This point is generally thrown out of the head by many. But imagine that you are young, you have an interesting profession. You are offered a move, but there is one thing: a mortgage for 30 years. Or your family is growing, you need a larger apartment, but you already have a valid mortgage for a kopeck piece.

How to do

Why not move to another city or north beyond high salaries to rent a house there and give an increase in the mortgage payment? Why not try to sell the apartment on bail?

Mortgages are not tied to a place. A mortgaged apartment, if desired, can be rented out and sold, if you agree on this with the bank. Yes, these are always additional difficulties, but if plans have changed, all difficulties can be overcome.

And do not be afraid to take out a loan for real estate where you will live, choose an apartment with a margin of meters. By the way, few people think about it, but you can take a mortgage not only for an apartment, but also for a house.

Mistake 4. Forget about repairs

Irene Mei/Flickr.com

Buying an apartment when the developer barely managed to get a building permit is profitable. The price per square meter at the excavation stage is much lower than in finished housing. Especially if the apartment is rented out in a building version - this is when you have an empty box in front of you and room for creativity. Only here in this creativity you need to invest a large amount.

Even if you buy a home on the secondary market, after moving you can’t do without repairs: somewhere you need to move the outlet, somewhere the wallpaper is disgusting. If you forget about it, then the housewarming may be delayed (or you will also have to take a loan for repairs).

How to do

Three options:

• When you take out a mortgage, pay a smaller down payment, but immediately put aside "repair" money. It is better to put them at interest.
• Save for repairs when you pay off your mortgage. The same mortgage holidays we talked about can help.
• Look for a developer who immediately rents an apartment with a repair. You can at least live in it, that is, finish with a mortgage, and only then repair something.

Mistake 5. Not creating a reserve fund

Usually, if you make a larger down payment, then the mortgage terms will be softer. It is logical that you want to give everything that is acquired by overwork, but in the end you have to live from paycheck to paycheck.

How to do

Postpone a small amount, which will cover mandatory payments for at least two months, and best of all - for six months. This is insurance in case you suddenly lose your job or something else happens.

Mistake 6. Not reading the contract

Barbara Krawcowicz/Flickr.com

Even if you have already discussed everything with the manager, even if the consultant answered a hundred of your questions, read and clarify everything that you do not understand. Let you ask an obvious stupidity, just do it.

How to do

Read the agreement and all the documents to which it refers (for example, the general conditions for lending at a bank). Make a summary of the main provisions: when you need to pay, what documents to update, which companies to insure, where to call if there are problems.

Mistake 7. Forget about the tax deduction

Do you know that mortgages are tax deductible? And for the purchase of an apartment, and for mortgage interest. This deduction can be for a round sum - up to 650,000 rubles.

How to do

Collect certificates of income and payments, apply to the tax office (if you don’t know how, then there are many companies at your service that will arrange everything for you in 20 minutes), receive money. By the way, if you are married or married, the second half can also receive a deduction. The spouse is entitled to compensation, even if he is not the owner of the home, and many people forget about this.

Mistake 8. Thinking that it will somehow pass by itself.

Let's say a nuisance happened: you overdue the payment. It doesn’t matter for what reason: the reminder didn’t work, there was no mood, the money ran out. There's no point sticking your head in the sand and continuing to pay your mortgage like nothing happened. Even for one day of delay, the bank can issue a fine or charge penalties, and then it will result in round sums.

How to do

The ideal option is to insure, but it is expensive (and if the insurance is good, it is very expensive). Regardless of whether you have insurance or not, in any incomprehensible situation, call the bank. Minor difficulties can be solved immediately, in case of major problems - to negotiate and even revise the terms of the mortgage. The main thing is not to disappear and to treat obligations responsibly.

If you understand that you are mentally prepared for a mortgage, find out what conditions you can count on. Use the DeltaCredit online approval service: it will help you get a preliminary loan approval without a visit to the bank. Register, Apply, Get Approved and Download Required documents- everything is fast and hassle-free.

How many times have we heard that a mortgage is a planetary conspiracy aimed at enslaving the ordinary population. Is it so? Everyone will answer this question for himself, but still do not forget that in modern world With market economy, for the vast majority of people, a mortgage is the only way to purchase their home.

Of course, a mortgage is one of the most difficult types of lending, and you cannot sign a contract without understanding what it is about.

Basic principles of a mortgage loan

This loan is targeted, that is, the money is transferred automatically to the seller's account, and not to your hands. The purchased property becomes collateral. This is very important point. The fact is that, according to Russian law, the property of the debtor can be seized, including real estate. But, if this is your only housing, then they do not have the right to foreclose on it. But not in the case of mortgages. If you are late and don't pay the bank, don't expect bailiffs they will not fulfill their duties just because you have nowhere to live other than this apartment. They will be evicted, and it is worth knowing.

As in the case of a car loan, when concluding a contract, the bank will also require an insurance contract, but in this case, it will not be the property that will be insured (the apartment, even in the event of a fire, does not lose much value), but your life and health. The bank must be sure that in the event of your critical situation, it will not lose money. The only advantage is that it is also beneficial for you, and the amount of such an agreement is not as burdensome as CASCO for car loans.

Further, regardless of the fact that you take out a loan to buy an apartment, still prepare money. Not a single bank will make a deal if you do not make an initial payment, and its value is usually around 30% of the cost. Further, depending on the amount of the down payment, the bank will personally calculate interest rate.

Such a loan is extremely rare short term. As practice shows, the terms of lending are in the range of 10-25 years. This should be taken into account, and it is the payer. He must be firmly convinced that for such a long period he will remain solvent and know that during this time he will significantly lose money. And mortgage payments are not small.

It is also worth knowing that buying a home from the secondary market is easier than in a new building. But the bank will issue a loan for the purchase of primary housing only if construction firm is his partner. The bank's websites indicate which firms they cooperate with. This is due to the fact that the bank checks the financial component of such enterprises very well, so as not to be without collateral, since the house will not be completed. For the payer, by the way, this can be a very good help when choosing a construction campaign. Be sure that if a large bank cooperates with them, then they have already been checked and rechecked, and you are unlikely to be among the “deceived equity holders”.

Mortgages do not need to be afraid, they just need to be reckoned with.

Welcome! Today we will talk about whether it is worth taking a mortgage at all. In fact, our readers ask it regularly, so our experts will tell you in this article when to take out a mortgage, and when not, how to evaluate the pros and cons mortgage bank and suggestions on whether to take out a mortgage in 2020 or is it better to wait.

Before applying for a mortgage, you should not only evaluate your financial capabilities, but also study the market indicators.

Market indicators

First of all, pay attention to the size of the interest rate. The lower it is, the less the overpayment will be. In our country, if the mortgage rate is less than 11-12%, the transaction is considered profitable.

If you look at the scale, then the increase in the level of interest on loans depends on the following factors:

• due to the introduction of international sanctions, the inflow of investments into the Russian economy has decreased;
• at the same time, export prices for oil are falling, and the ruble is depreciating;
• it becomes more difficult for banks to attract new capital As a result, interest rates on loans are rising.

Also take into account the current dollar exchange rate and the trend of its growth or fall. If the dollar rises against the ruble, then the Central Bank's refinancing rate will increase. This, in turn, will lead to an increase in interest rates on loans, incl. and mortgage.

For example, when in 2014 there was a jump in the exchange rate, mortgage rates rose to 17-18% per annum. It was simply scary for many borrowers to take a long-term loan at such interest rates, but there was no way out.

Therefore, if a mortgage is issued at a low interest rate, and at the same time the foreign exchange market is stable, it's time to apply for a mortgage now.

Own capabilities

When thinking about how to decide on a mortgage, evaluate the following parameters:

• your income;
• desired loan amount;
• expected repayment period.

Based on these data, knowing the interest rate, you can calculate the amount of the monthly payment and draw conclusions about the possibility and expediency of obtaining a mortgage.

Also consider these factors:

• additional income (for example, investment or from deposits, or an existing part-time job);
• already having loans and other obligatory payments.

Evaluate whether you will be able to pay the bank the amount of the established payment on a monthly basis over a long period of time or not. How stable is your income, will it be enough to have enough money not only to pay off the loan, but also for everyday life.

You can find out more from our previous post.

Pros of a mortgage

Of course, such a loan is not cheap, but the positive aspects of the mortgage justify the risks:

1. You do not need to save a large amount for many years to buy a home. You can become the owner of an apartment or house right now. To do this, you need to have on hand only the amount of the initial contribution. And the period during which the loan is issued, as a rule, does not last more than 1-2 months.
2. You can move into the apartment immediately after the transaction.
3. When applying for a mortgage, you can use one of the state social programs if there are grounds for it. For example, you can receive a subsidy or funds maternity capital with which part of the debt will be repaid.
4. If you take out a mortgage, you can get a tax deduction.
5. Even if you lose your job, you can apply to the bank with an application for deferred payments.
6. The interest rate is lower than for a consumer loan.

If the loan rate is low, the income allows, and even more so there is an opportunity to receive a subsidy, do not be afraid to take a mortgage. Yes, with a mortgage loan, you will have to make monthly payments to the bank, but in return you will receive your own home.

When not to take out a mortgage

Before deciding to take such a responsible step, it is worth thinking carefully. Perhaps right now is the time when it is better to postpone the design mortgage loan.

Market indicators

You should not make a hasty decision and apply for a mortgage if the situation is foreign exchange market not stable. If the dollar against the ruble is growing rapidly, then banks can raise interest rates on loans. In times of economic crisis, there were often cases when borrowers applied at one percent, and by the time it was approved, the bank set an increased rate. There was no way out, there was no way to buy housing for several million rubles, so many decided to take out a mortgage on less favorable terms for themselves.

Someone will say: "But I'm afraid!", And he will be right. After all, at high rate overpayment even for 10 years will be more than the cost of the apartment itself.

It is also risky to draw up a mortgage agreement not in Russian rubles, but in US dollars or Euros. With an increase in the exchange rate, monthly payments in ruble terms will increase many times over.

Own risks

A responsible borrower, as a rule, is afraid to take out housing on credit if the company in which he works is unstable, there is a risk of dismissal or a change in professional field. To be sure of your solvency, evaluate the reliability of your workplace at least for the period of the mortgage agreement.

Do not take out a mortgage if you plan to move soon.

Can I get a mortgage loan with a low income? It is possible, but keep the following in mind:

• how much will remain after the repayment of all mandatory payments;
• will it be enough for living;
• with a minimum payment, the loan term will be as long as possible (up to 30 years).

Cons of a mortgage

In order for the borrower personally and his family not to be afraid to take an apartment on credit, it is necessary to evaluate in advance all the consequences of concluding an agreement:

1. Housing will be pledged to the bank. Therefore, it cannot be sold until the loan is fully repaid.
2. The Borrower assumes long-term financial obligations to make regular payments of a substantial amount.
3. When concluding an agreement, the bank's client also bears additional costs for real estate appraisal and insurance. Often, when applying for a mortgage, it is customary to insure not only property, but also the life and performance of the borrower.

Mortgages in 2020

Consider whether to take out a mortgage this year. Rather, yes, because the situation on the market is now quite favorable for the conclusion of such transactions. The country's authorities, within the framework of national projects, have chosen mortgages as one of the instruments they rely on. According to government plans, the mortgage rate should fall to 8% by 2024. In 2020, it has already fallen less than 9% and will continue to decline, unless something terrible happens.

The state actively supports mortgage borrowers by stimulating them with special preferential mortgage programs. In 2020, there are several such programs:

1. - mortgages for families where a second child was born after January 1, 2018. Under this program, you can purchase housing in a new building from the developer at a rate even lower than 6% per annum.
2. for residents of the Far East, residents of the Far East have the right to purchase housing at a reduced rate of only 2 percent, but are required to register in it for a period of at least 5 years.
3. — preferential program for residents of rural areas. With its help, you can buy housing at a rate of 0.1 to 3% per annum.

There are also support measures for mortgage borrowers who have already taken a loan:

1. Maternal capital. In 2020, it is indexed and amounts to 466,617 rubles. It can be used to pay off a mortgage or
2. If you had a third and subsequent child after January 1, 2019, then you are entitled to 450,000 rubles to pay off your mortgage. At the same time, there is no difference whether it was a secondary housing or a new building.

Do not forget about general position affairs in the country, namely

1. Low inflation.
2. The exchange rate is quite stable.
3. Prices in the housing market are now almost minimal.

How to make money on a mortgage

With the help of a mortgage loan, you can not only buy a home, but also earn money on it.

Method 1

If you have a main apartment for living, then having the amount of the down payment, you can take an apartment in a mortgage from the bank, and then rent it out.

The main thing is that the amount that tenants will pay is equal to or greater than the monthly loan payment. Thus, all costs loan agreement covered by rent, and you end up owning a home that others actually paid for. If the rent also exceeds the loan payments, then in addition to the apartment itself, you will also receive additional income.

Method 2

Having a solid amount of monthly income, you can mortgage an apartment in a new house under construction. In this case, its price will be an order of magnitude lower than the market price, compared to when the house is completed.

At the same time, a mortgage should be issued for a short period in order to pay off the loan as quickly as possible, and the overpayment was minimal. After a while, when the loan is repaid and the house is rented out for housing, this apartment can be sold at a much higher price than it was purchased taking into account the loan costs.

Method 3

Play on falling real estate prices. Now is one of the best times to buy real estate, as there is a chance to buy a resale option with a good discount. A large number of unsold apartments have accumulated on the market, if you manage to find a good deal and sell at the seller's price, then after the inevitable rise in real estate prices, you can sell the apartment already with a plus, even taking into account interest.

How to choose a bank for a mortgage deal

Having decided to take a mortgage, it is important not only to assess the situation on the real estate market and financial risks but also choose the right bank.

Why is it not always profitable to turn to that financial institution, where is the smallest percentage? The fact is that in addition to the annual mortgage rate, there are also other conditions. To understand where it is better to draw up a contract, pay attention to the following parameters:

1. The amount of fines and penalties for late payment.
2. Is there a commission for issuing a loan and in what amount?
3. Is there a possibility of early repayment and under what conditions?
4. Explore the options for paying monthly payments (whether you need to contact a bank for this or whether there is an option for online transfer).
5. Ask the bank manager to calculate the full cost of the loan for the entire repayment period. Compare this amount with offers in other banks.
6. Find out if the bank has any additional mortgage programs. For example, for young families or for the military.

Deciding on a mortgage is not easy, but if you correctly assess all the risks and your opportunities, then this real way become the owner of your own home not in the distant future, but right now. Moreover, at the time of signing the contract, the cost of the apartment is “fixed”, and many years later, by the time the payments end, this amount will be much less than the real cost of housing at the time the loan agreement was closed.

We are waiting for your questions in the comments. We will be grateful for the repost and evaluation of the article.